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How to deal with emergencies at sea

Sailing at sea involves certain risks, so it is essential to know the safety protocols and the actions required in the event of an emergency. In this article, we will explore the types of emergencies on ships, the importance of the crew and ship parts in critical situations, and the measures to take in the event of a sinking or distress signals.

Types of emergencies on ships

Emergencies at sea can be classified into various categories depending on their nature and severity. Among the most common are:

  1. Fires on board: They can be caused by electrical faults, fuel leaks or poor handling of flammable materials. They require the immediate use of fire extinguishers and evacuation if the fire gets out of control.
  2. Waterways and sinking: These occur when the hull is damaged and water begins to enter. The crew must locate the leak and try to seal it, activating bilge pumps if necessary.
  3. Man overboard: This occurs when a person falls overboard. A life preserver must be thrown and recovery maneuvers must be carried out with caution.
  4. Collisions: Impacts with other vessels or floating objects may cause structural damage. Procedures must be followed to minimize impact and protect the crew.
  5. Medical emergencies:Injuries, fractures and even hypothermia can occur at sea. A first aid kit and basic medical knowledge are essential.
  6. Extreme weather conditions: Storms and strong waves can endanger the stability of the boat. The crew must secure the cargo and wear life jackets.

Importance of crew and ship parts in emergencies

Each crew member has a crucial role in the safety of the ship. Key responsibilities include:

  • Captain: Responsible for making quick decisions and coordinating emergency actions.
  • Deck Officer: In charge of navigation and communication with other vessels and authorities.
  • Technicians and mechanics: They manage engine and essential equipment failures.
  • Security crew: Trained to act in rescues and emergency control.

On the other hand, the parts of the boat play a vital role in safety:

  • Deck: Main space where the crew moves and maneuvers are carried out.
  • Helmet: Protecting the boat from water and its integrity is essential.
  • Engine room: Contains the engines and mechanical systems that must be kept in optimal condition.
  • Life rafts and safety equipment: Essential for evacuation in case of sinking.

Action in case of sinking without head impact

If a person falls into the water without having received a blow to the head, it is crucial to remain calm and follow these steps:

  1. Float and conserve energy: If you are not wearing a life jacket, you should try to float by gently moving your arms and legs.
  2. Ask for help: Wave your arms or use a whistle to alert the crew.
  3. Go to a safe point: If there is a raft or floating debris, try to reach it to stay safe.
  4. Maintain body temperature: In cold waters, reduce exposure and avoid sudden movements that accelerate the loss of body heat.
  5. Follow the instructions of the rescue team: Stay calm and cooperate with the crew to facilitate the rescue.

Emergency signals on a boat: regulatory whistles

Emergency whistles on a ship are part of the code of acoustic signals used in navigation. Some of the most important ones are:

  • A short whistle: Indicates that the ship is turning to starboard (right).
  • Two short blasts: Indicates that the ship is turning to port (left).
  • Three short blasts: Reverse signal.
  • Five short, quick blasts: Warning of danger or doubt about the action of another vessel.
  • One long whistle and three short ones: Indicates that there is a person in the water and requires immediate rescue.
  • Six short blasts and one long blast: General emergency signal, used in evacuations.

Safety at sea depends on the knowledge and preparation of the crew. Identifying the types of emergencies on ships, understanding the role of each member and knowing the emergency signals are essential aspects to act quickly and minimize risks. Constant training and compliance with protocols can make the difference in a critical situation, ensuring the safety of everyone on board.

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